Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a promising new target for specific imaging of prostate cancer (Pca).
The prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a type II integral membrane glycoprotein that was first detected on the human prostatic carcinoma.
In malignant tissue, PSMA has been suggested to be involved in angiogenesis, as increased PSMA expression was found to be expressed in the stroma adjacent to neovasculature of solid tumors. Due to its selective overexpression in 90-100% of local PCa lesions, as well as in cancerous lymph nodes, and bone metastases, PSMA is a reliable tissue marker for PCa and is considered an ideal target for theranostic applications.
PCa lesions are found in 60% of the patients with PSA levels <2.2 ng/ml, while at PSA levels of >2.2 ng/ml, PCa lesions are found in all patients. Even at relatively low blood PSA levels, 68Ga- PSMA-PET/CT identifies lesions with high tumor-to-background ratios. In vivo, tumor uptake of 68Ga-PSMA is stable between 1 h and 3 h, while in normal tissue uptake slightly decreases between 1 and 3 h. As a result, late scans exhibit higher tumor-to-background ratios, which might be useful when lesions remain unclear in an early scan.
- Lütje S, PSMA Ligands for Radionuclide Imaging and Therapy of Prostate Cancer: Clinical Status; Theranostics 2015; 5(12): 1388-1401
- Chen Y , Foss CA, Byun Y, et al. Radiohalogenated prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-based ureas as imaging agents for prostate cancer. J Med Chem.2008;51:7933–7943.
The prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a type II integral membrane glycoprotein that was first detected on the human prostatic carcinoma.
In malignant tissue, PSMA has been suggested to be involved in angiogenesis, as increased PSMA expression was found to be expressed in the stroma adjacent to neovasculature of solid tumors. Due to its selective overexpression in 90-100% of local PCa lesions, as well as in cancerous lymph nodes, and bone metastases, PSMA is a reliable tissue marker for PCa and is considered an ideal target for theranostic applications.
PCa lesions are found in 60% of the patients with PSA levels <2.2 ng/ml, while at PSA levels of >2.2 ng/ml, PCa lesions are found in all patients. Even at relatively low blood PSA levels, 68Ga- PSMA-PET/CT identifies lesions with high tumor-to-background ratios. In vivo, tumor uptake of 68Ga-PSMA is stable between 1 h and 3 h, while in normal tissue uptake slightly decreases between 1 and 3 h. As a result, late scans exhibit higher tumor-to-background ratios, which might be useful when lesions remain unclear in an early scan.
- Lütje S, PSMA Ligands for Radionuclide Imaging and Therapy of Prostate Cancer: Clinical Status; Theranostics 2015; 5(12): 1388-1401
- Chen Y , Foss CA, Byun Y, et al. Radiohalogenated prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-based ureas as imaging agents for prostate cancer. J Med Chem.2008;51:7933–7943.
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